First Folio

1623

William and Isaac Jaggard are best known as the printers of the works of Shakespeare. They were associated in the production of the first folio in 1623, which came from the press of Isaac Jaggard and Edward Blount, at the charges of William Jaggard, Edward Blount, J. Smethwicke, and William Aspley; the editors being the poet’s friends, J. Heminge and H. Condell. In addition to being the first collected edition of Shakespeare’s works, this was in many respects a remarkable volume.

The best copies measure 13-1/2 x 8-1/2". The title page bears the portrait of the poet by Droeshout. The dedicatory epistle is in large italic type, and is followed by a second epistle, “To the Readers,” in Roman. The verses in praise of the author, by Ben Jonson and others, are printed in a second fount of italic, and the Contents in a still smaller fount of the same letter. The text, printed in double columns is in Roman and Italic, each page being enclosed within printer’s rules. Of these various types, the best is the large italic, which somewhat resembles Day’s fount of the same letter. That of the text is exceedingly poor, while the setting of the type and rules leaves much to be desired. The arrangement and pagination are erratic.

The book, like many other folios, was made up in sixes, and the first alphabet of signatures is correct and complete, while the second runs on regularly to the completion of the Comedies on cc.2. The Histories follow with a fresh alphabet, which the printer began as ‘aa,’ and continued as ‘a’ until he got to ‘g,’ when he inserted a ‘gg’ of eight leaves, and then continued from ‘i’ to ‘x’ in sixes to the end of the Histories. The Tragedies begin with Troilus and Cresside, the insertion of which was evidently an afterthought, as there is no mention of it in the ‘Contents’ of the volume, and the signatures of the sheets are ¶ followed by ¶¶ six leaves each. Then they start afresh with ‘aa’ and proceed regularly to ‘hh,’ the end of the Macbeth, the following signature being ‘kk,’ thus omitting the remainder of signature ‘hh’ and the whole of ‘ii.’ In a series of interesting letters communicated to Notes and Queries (8 S. vol. viii. pp. 306, 353, 429), the makeup of this volume is explained very plausibly. The copyright of Troilus and Cresside belonged to R. Bonian and H. Walley, who apparently refused at first to give their sanction to its publication. But by that time it had been printed, and the sheets signed for it to follow Macbeth, so that it had to be taken out. Arrangements having at last been made for its insertion in the work, it was reprinted and inserted where it is now found. It is also surmised that the original intention was to publish the work in three parts, and to this theory the repetition of the signatures lends colour. - Henry Plomer: A Short History of English Printing, 1898.

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